…ecator overwintering. This lack of understanding led to a closer examination of the development of cleistothecia as it relates to timing of ascospore release. In order to address this question, a group under the leadership of Gary Grove (Washington State University) and Walter Mahafee (USDA, Oregon) began developing molecular techniques to monitor pathogen dispersion of grape and hop powdery mildew. Over several years, we demonstrated that thes…

…, August 2020, with permission of IVES-openscience.  References 1. Ojeda, H., A. Deloire, and A. Carbonneau. 2001 Influence of water deficits on grape berry growth. Vitis, 40 (3): p. 141-145. 2. Guilpart, N., A. Metay, and C. Gary, 2014 Grapevine bud fertility and number of berries per bunch are determined by water and nitrogen stress around flowering in the previous year. European J. of Agronomy, 2014. 54: p. 9-20. 3. Tixier, A., Gambetta, G.A.,…